Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

Grain yield was greatly increased during the genetic improvement of japonica inbred rice since 1980s in Jiangsu, east China; thus, an improved plant morphology should be expected, considering that is a decisive factor determining grain yield. Twelve representative released from 1983 to 2013 were grown same fields 2019 and 2020. (p < 0.01) at 63.3 kg ha−1 year−1 across 2 years among cultivars different periods. The associated with spikelets per panicle. Single panicle weight, number primary secondary branches, grains on branches all year release. Generally, width top three leaves positively correlated (while angle light extinction coefficient negatively) Leaf area tiller leaf index heading maturity, specific photosynthetic rate, SPAD values after linearly Plant height exhibited positive trend release, as well stem weight K Si concentrations stem. Spikelets panicle, leaves, height, index, single weight. Our results suggested modern expanded sink size by higher through width, optimized capacity, lower coefficient, enhanced strength. These morphologies facilitated increases China.